It proves that wrong political decisions might have a. The aral sea basin includes uzbekistan, tajikstan, and parts of kazakstan, kyrgystan, and turkmenistan. Natural disaster reduction in coastal lowland areas the world. Abstract desiccation of the aral sea is one of the worlds most serious ecosystem catastrophes. Economically significant stocks of fish have returned, and observers who had written off the north aral sea as an environmental disaster were surprised by unexpected reports that, in 2006, its returning waters were already partly reviving the fishing industry and producing catches for export as far as ukraine. Natural disasters updates on puerto rico and whakaariwhite island, plus taal volcano erupts the year 2019 ended with a tragic bang, and 2020 is already a busy one for geologic disasters. Pdf prediction and management of natural disasters through. The nations that inherited this calamity are desperately poor, and need the cash provided by the neardestruction of the lake. Aral sea one of the planets worst environmental disasters. The aral sea in the soviet union, formerly the worlds fourth largest lake in area, is disappearing. The aral sea disaster is indeed among the worst ecological disasters in the world. When an area or country is badly affected by a natural disaster, the reaction is always one of solidarity and aid is quick to come.
The aral sea transboundary river basin geography, climate and population geography the aral sea basin, total area 1. Natural disasters in india, many of them related to the climate of india, cause massive losses of life and property. I bought this collection of six disaster movies primarily to get my hands on one the presidents plane is missing, a madefortv movie based on the novel by robert serling and starrring peter graves as a reporter to determine a mystery involving the crash of air force one. Ppt the aral sea disaster powerpoint presentation free to. The aral sea has shrunk to just one third of its original size over the past three decades, creating a humanitarian disaster for millions of people who live around its shores.
Dramatic environmental degradation has occurred, with consequences for the 3. Three british scientists have just come back from a visit to the lake that straddles the former soviet republics of kazakhstan and uzbekistan. Afterwards, they relaxed, telling stories and singing songs about the aral sea and fishing and how much they loved both of these things. Ddt and other chemicals were sprayed heavily and it then flowed into the aral sea. Today, the aral sea is a dusty salt flat, littered with the rusting hulks of abandoned ships, victim of deeply irresponsible water management. Between 1960 and january 2006, the level of the small aral fell by m and the large aral fell by 23 m. However, by 1977, the fishing harvest dropped by 75%. The fishing village of moynak, south of the aral sea, once a town of over 30,000 people, has witnessed over half of its population leave as the lakeshore shrunk further and further away. A basic survival listemergency disaster preparedness kit list pdf follows the four survival priorities below.
What happened to the aral sea, what is the future of the. Cotton production linked to images of the dried up aral sea. Health and ecological consequences of the aral sea crisis. With the threats of climate change and sea level rise, the reduction of natural. Have students research the current size of the aral sea and the great lakes and compare their values with those stated in these lessons. The aral sea, formerly one of the largest inland seas in the world, has become a symbol of what can go wrong when transboundary water is mismanaged. Over the past 10 millennia, it has repeatedly filled and dried, owing both to natural and human forces. An ecological disaster zone with impact on human health. In comparison, the oceans are about 35 gl, and the dead sea about. May 09, 20 the salton sea, southern californias accidental oasisturnedenvironmental tragedy, is the kind of disaster for which 20thcentury u. The 1990s has been declared the international decade for natural disaster.
About 800 died in a single sinking in april, marking the biggest maritime disaster in the mediterranean since the second world war and prompting european governments to increase searchandrescue operations. Evaluation global increase in climaterelated disasters reliefweb. The aral sea is identified as the forth largest lake in the world. The aral sea disaster is the property of its rightful owner. Related natural disasters on sea temperature deviation. Sustaining livelihoods affected by the aral sea disaster the. Aral sea is an classic example of a regional environmental disaster. National geographic lesson what happened to the aral sea. Maritime disaster definition of maritime disaster by. The karakalpak center for reproductive health and environment, uzbekistan. Sustaining livelihoods affected by the aral sea disaster. In my recent post about the ecological impact of cotton, i mentioned the disaster of the aral sea. History of the us marine corps in wwii vol i pearl. The aral separated into two water bodies in 198789.
Because of the nature of maritime travel, there is often a. As part of the bbcs richer world season, rustam qobil visits the aral sea, a toxic desert sea bed, and talks to people who have lost their sea. The aral sea s size and water balance are fundamentally determined by river in. April 2010 one sunday afternoon in kazakhstan last august, a group of fishermen met for a celebration. There are organizations set up with the primary goal of being prepared for natural disasters. By 2007 the south had split into a deep western basin, a shallow eastern basin and a small, isolated gulf. Up until the third quarter of the 20th century it was the world.
Fish harvest decreased by 75% fishing was the biggest industry in the aral sea. Water and environmental management in the aral sea. The aral sea is bordered by kazakhstan to the north and uzbekistan to the south. Paradoxically, the manmade disaster strangling the town has become its main attraction in recent years. The aral sea management experience and lessons learned. In 2009 in kazakhstan, a group of fishermen met on a sunday afternoon. High winds, heavy rain, storm surge, and flooding associated with these disasters can pull large structures, household products, and outdoor items into surrounding waters.
Click download or read online button to get aral sea book now. Jun 25, 2018 natural disasters such as hurricanes, tropical storms, tsunamis, and landslides have the potential to be the source of a tremendous amount of marine debris. First off, a humannature coupled system, or a coupled humanenvironment system, is an analytical framework to understand the complex. Waiting for the sea it took just 40 years for the aral sea to dry up. Sep 30, 2014 the aral sea was once one of the four largest lakes in the world, but now the aral sea is almost permanently gone because of one of the worlds greatest environmental disasters. Between 1960 and january 2006, the level of the small aral fell by m and the large aral fell by 23 m table 1.
The aral sea and the whole aral sea area has achieved worldwide notoriety due to a human induced environmental disaster. The water level has dropped approximately 23 meters since the onset of its primary sources of water being diverted zavialov 2005. The aral sea transboundary river basin home food and. The impact of this humancaused ecological disaster continues to be felt by the local communities that try to survive in fragile conditions. In the first half of the 20th century the aral sea was the worlds fourthlargest inland saline body of water, with an area of 68 000 sq. Neptune from the planets by gustav holst the aral sea updated english russia. The poor, who suffer from income fluctuations, and also have limited access to financial services, in the aftermath of a disaster may be more prone to reduce consumption and have a decreasing shock in other household indicators as a consequence. For one, the collapse of the soviet union introduced a new era in international relations accompanied by several opportunities for cooperation over transboundary water. The aral sea is a huge terminal lake located among the deserts of central asia. Natural hazards, peoples vulnerability, and disasters. Role of atmospheric co2 level on climaterelated natural disasters. Around the southern edge of the aral sea is the karakalpakstan republic, an. It is a stern warning to the international community and illustrates how fast in less than 20 years this environmental disaster can threaten a whole region and a population large enough for a european country.
Hurricane katrina august 2005 was one of the costliest and deadliest natural 54 disasters recorded in the us. Fishing ports suddenly found themselves in a desert. Between 1960 and 1987, its level dropped nearly meters, and its area decreased by 40 percent. Droughts, flash floods, cyclones, avalanches, landslides brought by torrential rains, and snowstorms pose the greatest threats. The aral sea, on the border of kazakhstan and uzbekistan, is a cautionary tale about how changes to ecosystems can have farreaching impacts on the communities that depend on the services they provide in the early 1900s, the aral sea was the fourth largest inland lake in the world, providing a wealth of important ecosystem services to communities, including fishing stocks and preservation of. Although the water level has fluctuated up to a few meters in the past. Exploreradventurer george kourounis visits the aral sea in western uzbekistan where wasteful irrigation practices by the former soviet union have drained most of the water, creating a vast. In the beginning, the soviet union simply did not care, and the aral sea was one of many soviet projects with the stated goal of taming nature. This post takes a closer look at this situation, as a case study of a humannature coupled system. Birth defects, cancer, and other diseases are very common. The aral sea is situated in the center of the central asian great deserts karakum, kyzylkum, and betpakdala and the area as a whole experiences high rates of evaporation. Geographically it covers an extensive area of central asia, most of tajikistan. Image caption the town of moynaq was once uzbekistans main fishing port on the aral sea the loss of the aral sea in central asia is an ecological disaster.
Hemispheres the international outreach consortium at the university of texas at. The paper provides a brief summary and personal responseviews about philip micklins paper on the aral sea disaster as part of the academic curriculum. The socioeconomic and environmental consequences of. Natural disaster reduction in coastal lowland areas shue huang meteorological research institute of jiangxi province nanchang, china abstract in recent years, the impacts of natural disaster are more and more severe on coastal lowland areas. Water and environmental management in the aral sea basin. The aral sea is situated in central asia, between the southern part of kazakhstan and northern uzbekistan.
Annual cycle figure labeled 22 n 37 w atlantic ocean is correct for that location, but. Describes a natural disaster incident report form that utilities can use to document the status of their system. An evolving crisis, the aral sea disaster has a number of consequences, including land degradation and desertification, shortage of drinking water, malnutrition, deterioration of the health conditions and livelihoods of the local population. The aral sea is the largest inland body of salty reservoirs in the world. Photo by mentat kibernes not too long ago everyone had pretty much written off the aral sea as a.
As recently as 1960, the aral sea was the worlds fourth largest lake, covering 66,000 square miles. The international decade for natural disaster reduction. A natural disaster might be caused by earthquakes, flooding, volcanic eruption, landslides. The year 1992 marks two distinct but likewise related events in the history of transboundary water. Pdf the aral sea in 1960 was a huge brackish water lake 4th in the world in surface area lying amidst the deserts of central asia. Didi, murari naral and family, durga kharel and family, prasanta. For a unified list by death toll, see list of accidents and disasters by death toll.
Salinity at the time was measured at 10gl grams of salt per litre of water. The most recent desiccation started in the early 1960s and owes overwhelmingly to the expansion of irrigation that has drained its two tributary rivers. List of maritime disasters in the 20th century wikipedia. The aral sea was once the worlds fourth largest lake. Demands on the watershed for irrigation and other purposes have overdrawn water resources. Piper alpha was an oil production platform in the north sea approximately 120 miles 190 km northeast of aberdeen, scotland, that was operated by occidental petroleum caledonia limited. Linking partners to tuberculosis prevention around the. With the threats of climate change and sea level rise, the reduction of natural disasters in. Today, ddt laden dust blows out of the old lake bed and into the communities. Aral sea, a oncelarge saltwater lake of central asia. The name roughly translates as sea of islands, referring to over 1,100 islands that had dotted its waters. Restoring life to the aral seas dead zone bbc news.
An ecological disaster cotton requires a lot of pesticides. Survival list survival list for disaster preparedness. In the 1960s, the soviet government decided to divert the amu darya and syr darya rivers in order to develop the cotton industry in the. How a disappearing sea became a towns main attraction. If so, share your ppt presentation slides online with. Aral sea rehabilitation programs first phase hailed as. How do natural disasters contribute to marine debris. They brought food to eat, and they had races and throwing contests.
It was once the worlds fourth largest body of inland water but has shrunk remarkably because of the diversion of its sources of inflowing water for irrigation beginning in the second half of the 20th century. Recession has resulted from reduced inflow caused primarily by withdrawals of water for irrigation. Efforts over the past seven years have expanded the surface area of the aral sea by 30%. The primary effect of the aral sea desiccation has been the significant loss of water in the sea. The aral sea disaster was caused by human mismanagement of a natural resource. Lake level has fallen 23 m, area shrunk 74%, volume. The aral sea crisis differs from other major environmental disasters like the quickonset ones that occurred in bhopal.
This site is like a library, use search box in the widget to get ebook that you want. Natural disasters result when extreme events strike vulnerable areas. A maritime disaster is an event which usually involves a ship or ships and can involve military action. Oct 01, 2014 the fashion industry is linked to the environmental devastation in the central asian inland sea, once the worlds fourth largest lake, the aral sea completely dried in august. Situated in the centre of the central asian deserts at an altitude of 53 metres above the sea level, the aral sea functions as a gigantic evaporator. A natural disaster is a major adverse event resulting from natural processes of the earth.
The royal geographical society has unveiled evidence that the devastated region around the aral sea in central asia is the worlds worst ecological disaster. By 1991 almost all river water was being diverted for irrigation and the sea had lost half its area. Disappearance of the aral sea world resources institute. Environmental impact of the aral sea desiccation introduction, case study page 3 causes of the disaster page 3 impacts on the environment page 4 consequences for the population page 5 attempts of recovery page 6 conclusion page 7. Check the aral sea map showing the shrinkage over the last decades. Posted on july 3, 2017 by dirkdeklein under history, naval disaster, sea disaster, titanic there have been far greater sea disasters then the titanic but for more then 100 years it still captures the imagination of people like no other nautical disaster. The best estimates put the number of dead at around 9,400, making the mv wilhelm gustloff disaster the deadliest in maritime history. Sovietera irrigation canals have siphoned off the waters of the syrdarya and amudarya rivers which used to feed the aral sea, leaving behind a wasteland of white sand. Regardless of whether you are surviving after a plane crash in the wilderness or in your own home after a disaster, your survival list must start with the four priorities of survival. Mountain everest, ganges, sea level, ipcc, iucn, united nations, saarc, icimod. In the 1960s, fishing supplied over 60,000 jobs to workers.
But in one small part of the sea, water is returning. The aral sea basin is considered a disaster zone by many. The two rivers that feed it are the amu darya and syr. Aug 12, 2012 exploreradventurer george kourounis visits the aral sea in western uzbekistan where wasteful irrigation practices by the former soviet union have drained most of the water, creating a vast. Back to the home page geography of central asia and aral sea area. The aral sea basin includes the syr darya and amu darya, the tedzhen known as.
According to newsmax, the aral sea could be gone forever from central asia by 2020. Sea one of the worst environmental disasters in the world and asked. It began production in 1976, 2 initially as an oilonly platform but later converted to add gas production. During that time, despite many assessments and millions of dollars spent by large, multinational organizations, little has changed. Natural disaster reduction in coastal lowland areas. Lucifers hammer by larry niven, rogue wave by boyd morrison, 8. Having visited the region and flown over the aral sea he described it as one of the worlds worst environmental disasters and stated he was left feeling deeply shocked and saddened. See more ideas about natural disasters, nature and mother nature. Once, the aral sea, located between kazakhstan and uzbekistan, was the fourth largest inland body of water in the world, with a surface area of 68,000 km2. Major disaster declaration declared on april 03, 2020. However, despite the many natural disasters the world over, mankind has shown amazing resilience. Afterwards, they told stories and sang songs about the aral sea and fishing. Climate change and natural disasters ecologic institute. The impact of a natural disaster may also cause inequalities.
243 293 949 410 1475 699 256 1095 1290 120 1047 169 833 20 133 1428 248 1403 1187 977 1257 296 222 1131 1213 349 72 1290 1323 1385 960 1129 1027 1286 332 198 1092 75 1001 222 1408 757 66